Ovarian Cysts

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled or semi-solid sacs that develop within or on the surface of an ovary. Most cysts are benign and may disappear naturally, while some require medical monitoring or surgical treatment.

Symptoms may include pelvic pain, abdominal bloating, menstrual irregularities, discomfort during intercourse, or pressure on the bladder or bowel. Sudden severe pain may indicate complications such as cyst rupture or ovarian torsion and requires urgent medical attention.

Diagnosis primarily involves pelvic ultrasound, with blood investigations or additional imaging recommended for selected patients.

Treatment depends on the cyst's size, appearance, symptoms, age, and reproductive plans. Management may include observation with repeat ultrasound, medications, or laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy when surgery is indicated.