Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterine cavity. It commonly affects the ovaries and other pelvic structures and may lead to inflammation, adhesions, pain, and fertility problems.

Common symptoms include severe menstrual pain, chronic pelvic pain, pain during intercourse, painful bowel movements during periods, and difficulty conceiving. However, symptoms and disease severity may vary considerably between women.

Diagnosis involves a detailed clinical assessment and imaging, usually pelvic ultrasound, with MRI or laparoscopy considered in selected cases.

Treatment depends on symptoms, disease severity, age, and reproductive goals. Options may include pain-relieving medicines, hormonal therapy, and minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery when clinically appropriate.